7权力受到制约和监督 The power is restricted and supervised 2权力行使有边界 There are boundaries in the exercise of power 3我国国家机关的职能是什么,行使哪些权力,如何行使权力， What are the functions of our state organs, what powers they exercise, and how they exercise their powers, 4宪法和法律中有明确的规定。There are clear provisions in the Constitution and laws. 5其中,我们熟悉的公安部门、市场监督管理部门、教育管理部门等行政机关,都在行使行政权力。 Among them, we are familiar with the public security department, market supervision and management department, education management department and other administrative organs, are exercising administrative power. ♧活动园 1为治理学校周边环境, In order to manage the surrounding environment of the school, 2同学们与交通执法大队、税务管理部门的工作人员进行了“改善校园周边环境”的讨论。 The students had a discussion with the staff of traffic law enforcement brigade and tax administration department on "improving the surrounding environment of campus". 3旁边小店卖给我们的零食已经过期,还不给换。李姨,这件事你们能管管吗? The snacks sold to us by the nearby shop have expired and are not changed. Aunt Li, can you manage this? 4车辆乱停乱放造成了交通拥堵,这应该是王叔叔他们管的事吧。 The traffic jam is caused by the disorderly parking of vehicles. Uncle Wang should be in charge of it 5李阿姨 查处假冒伪劣不归我们管，建议找市场监督管理部门处理。 We are not in charge of Aunt Li's investigation and treatment of fake and shoddy goods. We suggest that she go to the market supervision and management department to deal with it. 6王叔叔 负责维护、疏导路面交通秩序是我们公安交通管理部门的法定职责。Uncle Wang is responsible for maintaining and guiding the road traffic order, which is the legal duty of our public security traffic management department. 7李阿姨为什么建议同学们找市场监督管理部门来处理呢?说一说你的理由。 Why does Aunt Li suggest that the students go to the market supervision and management department to deal with it? Give me your reasons 8行政机关要受到宪法和法律的约束,做到法定职责必须为,Administrative organs should be bound by the Constitution and laws, and their statutory duties must be, 9法无授权不可以。It can't be done without authorization. 10也就是说,宪法和法律规定的职责,行政机关必须履行;That is to say, administrative organs must perform the duties stipulated by the Constitution and laws; 11宪法和法律没有授予的权力,行政机关就不能行使。If the Constitution and the law do not confer powers, the administrative organs can not exercise them. 12国家机关必须在法定范围内、依照法定程序行使权力, State organs must exercise their powers within the legal scope and in accordance with legal procedures, 13既不能对应该履行的职责不履行、少履行或慢履行, They can neither fail to perform, perform less or perform slowly the duties they should perform, 14也不能超越职责范围行使权力。 Nor can we exercise power beyond the scope of our duties. ♧活动园 1在班级举办的“身边的政府机构”观察与交流活动中, In the observation and exchange activities of "government agencies around us" held by the class, 2同学们纷纷表达了自己的认识,请你与同伴们分享自己的发现吧。 Students have expressed their understanding, please share your findings with your peers 3我昨天登录了咱们市政府的网站,里面有很多部门的链接, I logged in to the website of our municipal government yesterday, which has links from many departments, 4可以看到他们的工作职贵和办事流程。 You can see their work and process 5对!我妈妈带我去办理身份证之前,先登录了公安局的网站, yes! Before my mother took me to apply for an ID card, she first logged into the website of the Public Security Bureau, 6查询了需要准备的材料。 Inquired about the materials to be prepared. 7你们小组是如何开展观察活动的?与大家分享自己的发现吧。 How does your group carry out observation activities? Share your findings with you. ♧相关链接 1不同的行政机关有各自的职权范围 ,Different administrative organs have their own terms of reference 2我们在遇到问题和困难时,要去相应的部门办理或寻求帮助。 When we encounter problems and difficulties, we should go to the corresponding departments or seek help. 3例如,办理户口应该去当地的公安部门; For example, the registration should go to the local public security department; 4为子女办理城镇居民医疗保险,家长应当去户籍所在地的医疗保障部门。 Parents should go to the medical insurance department where their registered residence is located for their children's medical insurance for urban residents. 5根据宪法和法律规定, According to the Constitution and the law, 6我国的行政机关下设的各部门职能分工不同, The division of functions of various departments under the administrative organs of our country is different 7它们各司其职,各负其责,共同服务于人民,维护国家安定和社会秩序。 They perform their respective duties and responsibilities, jointly serve the people and maintain national stability and social order. ♧活动园 1为了让同学们了解行政机关的工作情况,In order to let students understand the work of the administrative organs 2王老师带领大家到“一站式”行政服务中心参观。 Mr. Wang led you to the "one stop" administrative service center 3看到井然有序的服务大厅和“一站式’服务,办事不再走冤枉路”的横幅, 同学们议论开来。 Seeing the orderly service hall and the banner of "one-stop service, no longer taking the wrong road", the students talked about it. 4都在一个大厅里办事,没有必要分这么多部门,一个窗口都办了多好。 They all work in one hall. There's no need to divide them into so many departments. It's so good to have one window. 5不同的窗口代表不同的部门,办的事情肯定是不一样的。 Different windows represent different departments and do different things. 6你如何看待上面的几种说法? What do you think of the above statements? 7“一站式”服务,就像一个“政务超市”, "One stop" service is like a "government affairs supermarket", 8不同区域代表不同的行政机关,承担着办理不同业务的职能 。Different regions represent different administrative organs and undertake different business functions 9人们到这里办理业务时到相应的区域就可以。 When people come here for business, they can go to the corresponding area. 10在“一站式”行政服务中心办好了许可证的周叔叔说: Uncle Zhou, who has successfully obtained the license in the "one stop" administrative service center, said: 11“政府的每个部门都有自己的分工,每个部门办理不同的手续。Each department of the government has its own division of labor, and each department goes through different procedures 12以前,我要到很多部门办理不同的许可证,来来回回需要很多天。 In the past, I had to go to many departments to apply for different permits. It took me many days to go back and forth. 13现在,在“一站式”行政服务中心,很快就办妥啦!” Now, in the "one-stop" administrative service center, it will be done soon 14请你和同学一起,找一找当地的“一站式”行政服务中心吧! Please look for the local "one-stop" administrative service center with your classmates! ♧相关链接 1为了更好地便民利民,许多地方政府建立了“12345”公共服务系统, In order to better facilitate and benefit the people, many local governments have established "12345" public service systems, 2设量“12345”热线电话、“12345”政府网站等。 The "12345" hotline and "12345" government website are set up. 3以热线电话为例,它以“有求必应、有间必答”为目标, Take the hotline as an example. Its goal is to "respond to every request and answer every conversation.", 4以“12345”作为统一对外号码,With "12345" as the unified external number, 5整合各部门非紧急报警类服务热线, Integrate non emergency alarm service hotlines of various departments 6形成一号牵头、多线联动、24小时受理、“一站式”公共热线服务体系。 人们遇到非紧急问题时, Form a "one-stop" public hotline service system with No.1 leading, multi line linkage, 24-hour acceptance. When people have non urgent problems, 7只要拨打一次热线电话,就能及时、快速、有效地得到政府的服务和帮助。As long as you dial the hotline once, you can get the service and help from the government timely, quickly and effectively. 8这是政府“听民情、解民困分民忧”的新平台。 This is a new platform for the government to "listen to the people, solve their difficulties and share their worries" 9.“12345”政务直通车进社区 "12345" government affairs through train into community 10.“12345’上海市民服务热线”网站 Website of 12345 Shanghai citizen service hotline 1权力运行受监督 The operation of power is supervised 2在我国的经济、社会等领域， In China's economic, social and other fields, 3必须加强对权力的监督,以保证权力的行使符合人民的意愿，体现人民的利益。We must strengthen the supervision of power to ensure that the exercise of power conforms to the will of the people and reflects the interests of the people. ♧活动园Activity Park 1在区人民代表大会的会场外,学生小记者围着人大代表,纷纷提问。 We must strengthen the supervision of power to ensure that the exercise of power conforms to the will of the people and reflects the interests of the people. 2行政机关的权力都是国家法律规定的,The power of the administrative organ is stipulated by the national law 3所以它们怎么行使权力不用人管,是这样吗?So how do they exercise their power without human control, is that right? 4如果行政机关在行使权力的过程中出现了错误,是不是要受到惩罚吗？If an administrative organ makes mistakes in the process of exercising its power, should it be punished? 5人大代表审议政府的工作报告是对政府工作的监督吗？Is the deliberation of the work report of the government by the deputies to the National People's Congress a supervision of the work of the government? 6你有同样的困惑吗？Do you have the same confusion? ♧小贴士Tips 1国家机关及其工作人员必须按照法律要求,保持同公民与社会的联系,State organs and their functionaries must keep in touch with citizens and society in accordance with legal requirements, 2倾听意见,接受监督,保证国家机关依法行使权力,自觉履行职责。We should listen to opinions, accept supervision, and ensure that state organs exercise their powers in accordance with the law and conscientiously perform their duties. 3在我国,对权力的监督来自多个方面。 In China, the supervision of power comes from many aspects. 4党内监督同国家机关监督、民主监督、司法监督、群众监督、舆论监督贯通起来,Inner party supervision is linked up with state organ supervision, democratic supervision, judicial supervision, mass supervision and public opinion supervision, 5增强监督合力,保证权力的依法运行。 Strengthen the joint force of supervision to ensure the operation of power according to law. ♧阅读角 1我们要健全权力运行制约和监督体系,有权必有责,用权受监督,失职要问责,违法要追究,保证人民赋予的权力始终用来为人民谋利益。 We should improve the system of restriction and supervision on the operation of power, that is, power must have responsibility, the use of power must be supervised, dereliction of duty must be held accountable, and violations of law must be investigated, so as to ensure that the power given by the people is always used for the interests of the people. 2习近平在纪念现行宪法公布施行30周年大会上的讲话 Xi Jinping's speech in commemoration of the 30th Anniversary Conference of the promulgation and implementation of the current constitution 3要加强对权力运行的制约和监督,让人民监督权力,让权力在阳光下运行, 把权力关进制度的笼子。We should strengthen the restriction and supervision of the operation of power, let the people supervise the power, let the power run in the sunshine, and put the power into the cage of the system. 4习近平在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告 Xi Jinping's report at the nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China ♧活动园 1查找资料,判断下列事例属于何种监督方式。 Look up the information and judge what kind of supervision mode the following cases belong to 2事例example 3监督方式 Supervision mode 4写举报信,实名举报某国家工作人员收取他人巨额钱财。 Write a report letter, report a national staff member in real name and collect a huge amount of money from others 5撰文在报纸上发表,直接指出某机关工作中的问题。 S wrote an article in the newspaper, pointing out the problems in the work of an organ directly 6生活中,公民可采取多种方式参与监督。 In daily life, citizens can take various ways to participate in supervision 7例如,采用书信、电子邮件、电话、走访等形式向有关部门举报或反映; For example, report or reflect to the relevant departments in the form of letters, e-mails, telephone calls, visits, etc; 8通过网络、电视、广播、报刊等媒体进行监督。 Through the network, television, radio, newspapers and other media for supervision. 9接受监督是法治国家的要求,更是社会发展的需要。 To accept supervision is not only the requirement of a country ruled by law, but also the need of social development 10国家机关要主动创造条件接受监督; State organs should take the initiative to create conditions to accept supervision 11公民也要积权参与监督国家机关,这是法律赋予我们的责任。 Citizens should also accumulate the right to participate in the supervision of state organs, which is the responsibility entrusted to us by law 12人民监督员参观检察院，了解检察机关的工作 People's supervisors visit procuratorates to learn about the work of procuratorial organs 13通过网站实行政务公开 Open government affairs through website 14信息公开是国家机关主动接受监督的好做法。 Information disclosure is a good way for state organs to accept supervision on their own initiative 15了解你生活的地区政务信息公开包括的内容。 Learn about the contents of government information disclosure in the area where you live 16我国法律规定,行政机关在行使行政管理职权的过程中, According to the law of our country, in the process of exercising administrative power, the administrative organ, 17要通过政府公报、政府网站、新闻发布会、报刊等合法的形式, It should be done in legal forms such as government bulletins, government websites, press conferences, newspapers and periodicals, 18主动向社会公开有关信息,包括与公民切身利益相关的信息, Actively disclose relevant information to the public, including information related to the vital interests of citizens, 19需要公民广泛知道或参与的信息, Information that needs to be widely known or participated by citizens, 20各行政机关的机构设置、职能、办事程序等信息,以便更好地接受监督。 In order to better accept the supervision, we need to provide the information of the organizational setup, functions and procedures of the administrative organs. 21监督行政机关是公民依法享有的权利。 Supervision of administrative organs is a right enjoyed by citizens according to law ♧知识窗Knowledge window 1政府公报 Government Gazette 2政府公报是由政府机关出版发行的以登载法令、方针、政策、宣言、声明、 Government bulletins are published by government agencies to publish decrees, principles, policies, declarations and statements 3人事任免等各类政府文件为主要内容的连续出版物。 A series of government documents such as personnel appointment and removal 4公报有中央政府公报和地方各级政府、各机关公报。 The communiques include the central government communiques and the communiques of local governments and organs at all levels. 5作为中华人民共和国公民, As a citizen of the people's Republic of China,8 6不论年龄大小,我们都有对国家机关和国家工作人员提出批评和建议的权利, Regardless of age, we have the right to criticize and make suggestions to state organs and state functionaries, 7对他们的违法失职行为有提出申诉、控告或检举的权利。 They have the right to appeal, charge or report against their illegal and dereliction of duty 8我们要依法行使监督权,在提出批评、检举问题时应该尊重事实, We should exercise the power of supervision in accordance with the law and respect the facts when we raise issues of criticism and prosecution, 9不能诬告陷害。 You can't frame up ♧活动园Activity Park 1在课堂上,同学们就“小学生能否监督、怎样监督”等问题展开了讨论, In class, the students discussed "whether and how to supervise primary school students", 2提出了自己的看法。 Put forward their own views 3我们有权监督，但一定要依法监督。 We have the right to supervise, but we must supervise according to law. 4我们有监督的权利，可小学生年龄小,还做不到对权力的监督。 We have the right to supervise, but primary school students are too young to supervise power. 5你同意这些观点吗?说一说你的看法。 Do you agree with these views? Tell me what you think ♧阅读角Reading corner 1.只有让人民来监督政府,政府才不敢松懈。 Only when the people are allowed to supervise the government, can the government not relax. 2只有人人起来负责,才不会人亡政息 Only when everyone is in charge, will the government not die 3毛泽东Mao Zedong 4如果我们不受监督,不注意扩大党和国家的民主生活, If we are not subject to supervision and pay no attention to expanding the democratic life of the party and the country, 5就定要脱离群众,犯大错误。 We must break away from the masses and make big mistakes 6邓小平Deng Xiaoping 7党内监督和人民群众的监督起作用了,制度不是稻草人，效果就出来了。 If the supervision within the party and the masses of the people works, the system is not a scarecrow, and the effect will come out 8习近平 9权力违法必追责 Illegal power must be held accountable 10国家机关行使职权时违反法律规定的行为,便是违法行为。 When a state organ exercises its functions and powers, it violates the law 11对于国家机关的违法行为,要及时依法纠正, Illegal acts committed by state organs should be promptly corrected in accordance with the law 12防止因国家机关违法行使职权给国家和人民的利益造成损失。 To prevent losses to the interests of the state and the people caused by the illegal exercise of functions and powers by state organs ♧活动园Activity Park 1王欣的爸爸刚刚开了一家饭馆,区市场监督管理部门的工作人员检查时, Wang Xin's father just opened a restaurant. When the staff of the district market supervision and administration department inspected it, 2认为饭馆的厨房不符合卫生标准,吊销了饭馆的许可证。 He thought that the kitchen of the restaurant did not meet the hygiene standards, and revoked the license of the restaurant. 3我不服,要去告他们。 I don't agree. I'm going to sue them. 4认罚吧!老百姓哪能告政府?就是告也告不赢。 Accept the punishment! How can people sue the government? Even if you sue, you won't win. 5你赞成王欣妈妈的观点吗? Do you agree with Wang Xin's mother? 6王欣的爸爸不服区市场监督管理部门的行政处罚,起诉到法院。 Wang Xin's father refused to accept the administrative punishment of the district's market supervision and management department and sued to the court. 7法院判决认定:行政机关的处罚决定事实不清,证据不足,依法予以撤销。 8你知道法院是依据哪部法律作出的判决吗? The court held that the punishment decision of the administrative organ was revoked according to law because of unclear facts and insufficient evidence. Do you know which law the court made the decision on? 9人民法院依据《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》公正、及时审理行政案件, The people's courts try administrative cases fairly and timely in accordance with the administrative procedure law of the people's Republic of China 10切实保障公民的合法权益,有效监督行政机关依法行使职权。 We should effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and effectively supervise the administrative organs to exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the law ♧活动园Activity Park 1同学们围绕“行政机关违法行使职权,造成损失,如何处理”展开了讨论。The students discussed "how to deal with the loss caused by the illegal exercise of power by the administrative organ" 2受害人合法权益要保护。 The legitimate rights and interests of victims should be protected. 3如果造成损失,国家要赔偿吗? Should the state compensate for the loss? 4国家依据哪部法律进行赔偿? According to which law does the state make compensation? 5国家机关及其工作人员违法行使职权,侵犯公民合法权益,造成损害的, 国家要依法承担赔偿责任。If state organs and their functionaries violate the law in exercising their functions and powers, infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and cause damage, the State shall bear the responsibility for compensation according to law. 6这既保障了公民的合法权益,又促使国家机关依法行使职权。 This not only protects the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, but also urges state organs to exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the law. ♧阅读角Reading corner 1.2014年,In 2014, 2内蒙古自治区高级人民法院向某错案的家属送达了国家赔偿决定书, 共计赔偿约206万元。 The higher people's Court of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region delivered a decision on state compensation to the family members of a misjudged case, with a total compensation of about 2.06 million yuan. 32016年,相关部门依法对该错案负有责任的27人进行了追责。 In 2016, the relevant departments pursued the responsibility of 27 people responsible for the misjudged case according to law. |
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