第十九课

 nineteen19

Where does the food goes食物到哪里去了

1. We eat food every day. where is the food we eat? 我们每天要吃食物，吃下的食物到哪里去了?

Material package材料包

2. steamed bread, starch, etc.馒头、淀粉等。

Activity process活动过程

3. How does food "move" in the body?食物在身体里是怎样“运动”的?

4. I think the steamed bread is eaten and passed first...我想馒头被吃下后先经过....

5. I ' ll draw a "movement" route of food in the human body.

我来画一画食物在人体内的“运动”路线。

6. oral cavity口腔

7. pharynx咽

8. esophagus食道

9. liver 肝

10. stomach胃

11. small intestine小肠

12. large intestine大肠

13. anus肛门

14. How is food digested?食物是怎样被消化的?

15. Chewing the steamed bread carefully, I feel a little sweet. 细细咀嚼馒头，感觉有点儿甜。

16. It may be because of … …可能是因为....

17. Do an experimental study.

做个实验研究一下吧。

Methodological guidance方法指导

18. Take two test tubes, add the same amount of starch liquid, add appropriate amount of saliva in one tube, shake well.

取两支试管，分别加入等量的淀粉液，在其中一支试管中加入适量唾液，摇匀。

19. Place two test tubes in warm water about 37 C close to the normal temperature of the human body. After a while, a drop of iodine was added to the two test tubes to observe the color change of starch solution.

将两支试管放入37C左右(接近人体的正常温度)的温水中。过一会儿，分别往两支试管中加入一滴碘酒，观察淀粉液颜色的变化。

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20. People have salivary glands in their mouth, which secrete saliva.

人的口腔内有唾液腺，唾液腺能分泌唾液。

21. Saliva contains an enzyme that promotes food digestion, which breaks down starch into maltose.唾液里有一种促进食物消化的酶，这种酶能把淀粉分解成麦芽糖。

22. Food is digested in this way.食物是这样被消化的。

23. Saliva, gastric juice, intestinal fluid, bile, pancreatic juice and other digestive fluids can help digestion.

唾液、胃液、肠液、胆汁、胰液等消化液可以帮助消化。

24. Food is ground and broken down in the stomach. 食物在胃里被研磨和分解。

25. Most of the nutrients are digested and absorbed in the small intestine.

绝大部分营养成分在小肠内被消化、吸收了。

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26. The digestion of food is by the chewing of the teeth and the stomach peristalsis, to grind the food; the second is by saliva, stomach juice, intestinal juice, bile, pancreas juice and other digestive juice, to turn the food into the component that can be absorbed.

食物的消化一是靠牙齿的咀嚼和胃的蠕动，将食物研碎;二是靠唾液、胃液、肠液、胆汁、胰液等消化液的帮助，把食物变成可以被吸收的成分。

27. Protein, fat, starch and other nutrients in food are constantly digested and absorbed in the human body, and food residues and metabolic wastes that can not be digested and absorbed are discharged out of the body through breathing, sweating, defecation and urine.

食物中的蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉等营养成分在人体内不断地被消化、吸收，不能被消化、吸收的食物残渣和代谢废物通过呼吸、排汗、大小便等途径被排出体外。

28. 1.How to protect our digestive organs? 怎样保护我们的消化器官?

29. Wash your hands before and after meals饭前便后要洗手

30. Eat regularly and quantitatively吃饭要定时定量

31. Don't watch TV at dinner吃饭时不要看电视

32. Don't eat spoiled food不吃变质的食物

33. Do not exercise violently after meals饭后不要剧烈运动

34. Also note that...还要注意....

Outreach activities拓展活动

35. Understand the importance of eating breakfast to human health.

了解吃早餐对人体健康的重要性。