Unit 1 第一单元 Tiny creatures 微小的生物 In nature, there are tens of millions of kinds of tiny life invisible to human eyes。 自然界中，生活着千万种人的肉眼看不见的微小生命。 They can be found everywhere, in prosperous modern cities, in rich fields, on the tops of lonely mountains, and in the depths of mysterious oceans。 无论是繁华的现在城市、富饶的广阔田野、人迹罕至的高山之巅，还是神秘的海洋深处，到处都有它们的踪迹。 This class of tiny "inhabitants" is called microorganism, and they, together with animals and plants, form the biological army that makes nature seem full of vitality! 这一大类微小的“居民”叫做微生物，它们和动物、植物共同组成生物大军，使大自然显得生机勃勃！ One1 The virus 病毒 Investigate and understand diseases caused by viral infection and preventive measures。 调查、了解由病毒感染引起的疾病及其预防措施。 Collect text and picture information about the virus。 搜集有关病毒的文字及图片资料。 What are the diseases caused by viral infections? How to prevent it? 由病毒感染引起的疾病有哪些？如何预防？ Records of our investigation 我们的调查记录 A disease caused by a virus 由病毒引起的疾病 Symptoms 症状 Main route of transmission 主要传播途径 preventive measure 预防措施 Influenza 流感 High fever、 sore throat、 headache、 cough 高 烧、喉咙痛、头痛、咳嗽 Rrabies 狂犬病 Bitten by an animal 被动物咬伤 Poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎 Measles 麻疹 A vaccine 注射疫苗 ······ What kind of organisms are viruses? 病毒是一类什么样的生物？ The virus is... 病毒是...... Viruses also have a beneficial side。 病毒也有有益的一面。 Viruses are a special group of organisms that have no cellular structure.。 病毒是一类没有细胞结构的特殊生物。 They have a very simple structure, made up of a protein shell and genetic material inside. 它们的结构非常简单，由蛋白质外壳和内部的遗传物质组成。 Viruses cannot live on their own. They must live in the cells of other organisms, and once they leave a living cell, they show no signs of life。 病毒不能独立生存，必须生活在其他生物的细胞内，一旦离开活细胞，就不表现任何生命活动迹象。 Individuals of viruses are so tiny that most can only be seen under an electron microscope。 病毒个体极其微小，绝大多数要在电子显微镜下才能看到。 The data card 资料卡 Viruses can be divided into three categories according to the biological cells they parasitize: animal viruses that live in human and animal cells, such as hepatitis B; Animal viruses that specialize in living in plant cells, such as tomato Mosaic virus; Bacterial viruses, also called bacteriophages, that specifically inhabit bacterial cells, such as E. coli bacteriophages. 根据病毒寄生的生物细胞不同，可将病毒分为三类：寄生在人和动物细胞里的动物病毒，如乙肝病毒；专门寄生在植物细胞里的动物病毒，如番茄花叶病毒；专门寄生在细菌细胞的细菌病毒，也叫噬菌体，如大肠杆菌噬菌体。 Hepatitis B virus model 乙肝病毒模型 Tomato Mosaic virus model 番茄花叶病毒模型 E. coli phage 大肠杆菌噬菌体 Make clippings about viruses。 制作有关病毒的剪贴报。 Check out the history of man's struggle with the virus。 查阅资料，了解人类与病毒的抗争史。 Organize an awareness campaign on the prevention of viral infectious diseases。 组织一次以预防病毒性传染性疾病为主题的宣传活动。 |
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