第7课

第七课

Lesson seven

保护眼睛

Protect your eyes

1.统计班级中有多少同学患近视 ，分析是什么原因造成的 。

Statistics class how many students suffering from myopia, analysis of what causes.

  调查社区内的人 ，了解他们的眼睛长患哪些疾病 。

Investigate people in the community to find out what diseases they have in their eyes.

  测一测自己的视力并做好记录 。

Test your eyesight and make a record.

2.眼睛常患哪些疾病 ？

What diseases do eyes often suffer from?

近视是我们儿童最常见的疾病 。

Myopia is the most common disease in our children.

我叔叔的眼睛见风流泪 ，医生说是沙眼 。

My uncle's eyes were full of tears. The doctor said it was trachoma.

我爷爷患白内 障。

My grandfather has cataracts.

这些眼部疾病是什么原因造成的 ？

What are the causes of these eye diseases?

我的调查记录

My survey records

3.近视形成的原因

Causes of myopia

做个模拟实验 ……

Do a simulation experiment

     晶状体的凸度是靠牵引晶状体的肌肉调节的。肌肉收缩 ，晶状体的凸度变大 ，眼睛就可以看清近处的物体 ；肌肉舒张 ，晶状体的凸度变小 ，眼睛就可以看清远处的物品 。健康的眼睛晶状体调节力强 ，远近物体都能看得清 。

The curvature of the lens is regulated by the muscles that pull the lens. Muscle contraction, lens convexity increased, the eyes can see close objects; The muscle relaxes, the lens becomes less convex, and the eye can see objects in the distance. Healthy eyes have strong lens adjustment and can see far and near objects clearly.

如果长时间看近处的物体，牵引晶状体的肌肉总是处在紧张状态 ，就会疲劳 ，失去调节能力 ，看远处的物体就会模糊 ，这就是近视 。

If you look at objects close to you for a long time, the muscles that pull the lens are always in a tense state, you will be tired and lose the ability to adjust. If you look at objects far away, you will be blurred. This is myopia.

4.怎样保护我们的眼睛 ？

How to protect our eyes?

5.调查研究 ：生活在草原地区的人为什么视力特别好 ？

Investigation and research: why do people living in grassland have good eyesight?

查阅资料 ：角膜移植是怎么回事 ？我国每年有多少人需要进行角膜移植 ？有多少人自愿捐献角膜 ？

What's the matter with corneal transplantation? How many people need corneal transplantation in China every year? How many people volunteer to donate corneas?