第12课

第十二课

Lesson 12

植物的花

Flowers of plants

1.花是一株植物最美丽的部分，是植物发育成熟的标志。让我们到大自然中去观察各种各样的花吧。

Flower is the most beautiful part of a plant, which is the symbol of plant development and maturity. Let's go to nature and observe all kinds of flowers.

2.花的构造一样吗 ？

Is the structure of the flower the same?

我发现月季花有花瓣、花蕊 。

I found that roses have petals and stamens.

我还发现 ……

I also found out

花名

  Flower name      有哪几部分

                        What are the parts     各部分数量

                                               Number of parts

3.我们根据花的构造来给花分类吗 。

Do we classify flowers according to their structure.

雄蕊 stamen         雌蕊  stamen       花瓣 petal          萼片sepal 

白菜花 Cauliflower   百合花  Lily       南瓜花 Pumpkin flowers   桑树花Mulberry flower

资料卡

index card for files

花萼-由许多萼片组成 ，花开放前保护花的内部结构 。

Calyx - consists of many sepals that protect the internal structure of the flower before it blooms.

花冠 -花开放以后靠美丽的颜色吸引昆虫传粉 ，许多片花瓣组成花冠 。花萼和花冠合称为花呗被。

Corolla - after blooming, the beautiful color attracts insects to pollinate, and many petals form a corolla. Calyx and corolla are called perianth.

雄蕊-由花药（里面有花粉 ）和花丝 （支持着花药 ）组成 。

Stamens - composed of anthers (containing pollen) and filaments (supporting anthers).

雌蕊-由柱头，花柱和子房组 。

Pistil - composed of stigma, style and ovary.

根据花的构造 ，花粉为完全花和不完全花两类 。在一朵花 中，花萼、花冠 、雄蕊、雌蕊四部分齐全的 ，叫做“完全花 ”。缺少其中一部分 、两部分或三部分的 ，叫做“不完全花 ”。

According to the structure of flowers, pollen can be divided into complete flowers and incomplete flowers. In a flower, calyx, corolla, stamen, pistil four parts complete, called "complete flower". The lack of one, two or three parts is called "incomplete flower".

4.用自己喜欢的方式来赞美话吧 。

Praise in a way you like.

我想把最美丽的花画下来 。

I want to draw the most beautiful flowers.

这是我插的花 篮。

This is the flower basket I planted.

我想朗诵赞美花的诗，唱赞美花的歌 。

I want to recite a poem praising flowers and sing a song praising flowers.

5.让我们一起来制作花的标本 。

Let's make flower specimens together.

资料卡

index card for files

      花的标本制作方法

Methods of making flower specimens

1 .采集 ：采集一些完整的花 ，观察花的结构 。

Collection: collect some complete flowers and observe their structure.

2.解剖 ：用镊子把花的各部分从花的基部取下来 ，摊平放在吸水纸上 。

Dissection: use tweezers to take all parts of the flower down from the base of the flower and lay it flat on the absorbent paper

3.压平 ：将吸水纸夹在笔记本内压平。

Flattening: flatten the absorbent paper in the notebook.

4.阴干：每天将标本在吸水纸上换一个位置 ，放在阴凉处阴干。

Dry in the shade: change the specimen to another position on the absorbent paper every day and dry in the shade.

5.粘贴 ：待标本干后取出 ，用胶水粘在白纸上 。

Paste: after the specimen is dry, take it out and glue it on the white paper.

6.保存 ：写好标签 ，放在塑料袋内 。

Preservation: write a label and put it in a plastic bag.